EFFECT OF ROTATION OF SINGLE CRYSTALS
EFFECT OF ROTATION OF SINGLE CRYSTALS


Effect of rotation of single crystal
at the top of a nematic droplet (Lehmann-type effect)

Recently, for the first time the dynamics of a cholesteric phase induction was investigated on dissolution of the single crystals (various chiral compounds) at the nematic droplet and the new effect of the crystal rotation has been discovered.

"Life" of the nematic droplet you can download here ;

Scheme of observation of the effect of rotation of small single crystal:



During dissolution of a single crystal of chiral compounds at the top a nematic droplet the correlation between the rotation direction and screw sense of the cholesteric helix was found:

  1. for right-handed chiral compounds the clockwise rotation of a single crystal at the top a nematic droplet is observed in polarizing microscope [Ref.1, Ref.2] ;

  2. for left-handed chiral compounds the counterclockwise rotation of a single crystal of chiral compounds at the top a nematic droplet is observed in polarizing microscope Ref.1, Ref.2] .

It was experimentally shown, that the angular velocity of the rotation of crystal of the chiral dopant dependent on:

  1. the crystal dimensions;
  2. helical-twisting power (β or HTP) of the dopant;
  3. viscosity of the nematic solvent.

For non-chiral dopants or dissolution in isotropic solvents (or isotropic phase of nematic) no rotation was observed under the same conditions. Dissolution of a single crystal of non-chiral compounds at the nematic droplet ;



In addition, it was found, that dissolution of a single crystal of racemic mixture of enantiomers at the top a nematic droplet occurs without rotation.;




For systematic series of dopants (e.g. cholesterol esters), the angular velocity ν was:

proportional to the helical-twisting power β (HTP)

For various nematic matrices, the observed angular velocity ν was:

proportional to the rotational-viscosity coefficient γ1.


It can be argued that the obtained results:

  1. suggest a novel method for the evaluation of the helical-twisting power, especially useful for dopants of weak chirality;

  2. there are a direct evidence of transformation of the energy of chiral interactions into the energy of the molecular movement.


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